PCEP-30-02: Certified Entry-Level Python ProgrammerDemo

A function with one required parameter and one parameter that has a default value can be invoked with two positional arguments; the second supplied argument overrides the default value.

The expression x + 1 passes 3 to fun. The function increments its local parameter by 1, returns 4, and that returned value is assigned to x; therefore, print(x) outputs 4.

Each dictionary value is a one-element tuple containing its associated key value. Accessing index 0 of k returns the contained string, so print(k[0]) outputs a, b, and c on separate lines.

A Python dictionary has a values() method, but it does not have a vals() method. Calling data.vals() raises an AttributeError, so no values are printed.

The loop executes for i = 2 and i = 0, since both values satisfy i >= 0. Each iteration prints one star, for a total of two stars.

Python’s list.sort() method sorts a list in place. After it runs, print(list) displays the elements in ascending order as [1, 2, 4, 7].

Python automatically concatenates adjacent string literals, so the print call outputs PeterWellert.

insert(0, 1) adds 1 at the beginning of the list. Deleting index 1 removes the 0, leaving [1, 1, 2]; sum() therefore returns 4.

Adding 0.0 to 123 preserves the value while yielding the decimal/float-form result 123.0.

None represents the absence of a value in Python. A function that has no explicit return statement returns None, but that behavior does not define the keyword itself.

input() returns a string. Applying float() accepts a decimal-form value, and applying int() to that numeric value converts it to an integer by truncating toward zero.

The list contains False at index 1, so testing whether that value is in the list evaluates to True. The index(False) method returns the position of the first False value, which is 1.

The outer list has only two elements, with valid indices 0 and 1. Indexing it at 2 raises an IndexError, so the code terminates with an error rather than printing a number.

Python decimal literals and scientific-notation literals evaluate to float values, while text enclosed in single quotes evaluates to a str. Thus distance and amount are float, and country is str.

The function returns '2021' as the second tuple element. Applying [1][1] selects the second character of that string, which is 0.

The modulo operation 9 % 3 produces 0 because 9 is evenly divisible by 3. Adding 7 yields 7.

Python evaluates and before or. The first two conditions evaluate to False, while the third evaluates to True because not y and x is True; therefore, the code prints 3.

Compilation converts source code into machine code or another executable form before later execution.

A function can be invoked with no arguments only when all of its parameters have default values. alpha has a single parameter, level, whose default is 100.

A function with two required positional parameters must be called with values for both parameters unless one has a default value. Calling func(2) omits the required b argument, so Python raises a TypeError.

An assignment to num inside a function makes it local to that function unless it is declared global or nonlocal. Evaluating num = num + 3 therefore reads the local variable before it has been assigned, which raises an UnboundLocalError.