KCNA: Kubernetes and Cloud Native AssociateDemo

CNCF projects commonly make decisions through open community discussion and, when agreement is not reached or a formal decision is needed, voting by the relevant maintainers or governing body. This provides a transparent, collaborative governance process rather than decisions based on financial analysis, chance, or a founder’s unilateral authority.

kube-proxy is the node-level network proxy that maintains network rules for Kubernetes Services. Those rules enable communication with Pods from both within and outside the cluster, and kube-proxy uses the operating system packet-filtering layer when it is available.

The Open Container Initiative (OCI) develops open industry standards and specifications for container formats and runtimes, including the OCI Image Specification and Runtime Specification.

CloudEvents is a specification that describes event data in a common format, enabling interoperability for event declaration and delivery across services, platforms, and systems.

A CI/CD pipeline automates the software build, testing, security validation, and deployment workflow, helping teams release changes rapidly while consistently applying security controls.

A Kubernetes Pod groups one or more containers into a single unit with shared context. Its containers are co-located and co-scheduled on the same cluster node.

A Kubernetes Service exposes a logical group of Pods through a stable network endpoint and enables access to those Pods inside the cluster.

nodeSelector matches key/value labels assigned to nodes. Kubernetes schedules a Pod only onto nodes that have every specified node label.

The Kubernetes Restricted Pod Security Standard requires containers to drop all capabilities and permits adding back only NET_BIND_SERVICE.

A Role is namespaced and defines permissions only within its namespace. A ClusterRole is a non-namespaced, cluster-level RBAC object that can define permissions for cluster-scoped resources and can be granted across namespaces with a ClusterRoleBinding; the scope of granted access also depends on the binding used.

The nodeSelector field specifies label key-value requirements for a Pod. The scheduler places the Pod only on nodes whose labels match those requirements.

Metrics provide timestamped numerical time-series data, such as CPU, memory, storage, and network utilization. They support graphing resource consumption over time and forecasting when capacity may be exhausted.

A Kubernetes NetworkPolicy applies ingress and/or egress rules to selected Pods. A Pod becomes isolated for a direction when a NetworkPolicy selecting it applies to that direction; otherwise it is non-isolated. NetworkPolicy does not provide traffic encryption, logging, or the ability to block loopback or resident-node traffic.

Gateway API uses a role-oriented resource model that separates the responsibilities of infrastructure providers, cluster operators, and application developers. This permits infrastructure and application routing configuration to be managed independently with appropriate access controls.

Kubernetes DNS publishes DNS records for Services and Pods so workloads can locate and communicate with one another using consistent DNS names instead of potentially changing IP addresses.

kubectl explain describes Kubernetes API resource fields and accepts dot-separated field paths. deployment.spec.replicas identifies the Deployment specification’s desired replica-count field.

Kubernetes PodGC cleans up terminated Pods, and the TTL-after-finished controller can automatically remove completed or failed Jobs. Kubernetes garbage collection also handles dependent objects whose owner has been removed or no longer exists through owner-reference relationships.

CSI defines a standard interface through which container orchestration systems, including Kubernetes, expose arbitrary storage systems to container workloads. It enables storage vendors to supply out-of-tree storage plugins/drivers.

Cloud-native applications are designed for resiliency, agility, operability, and observability so they can adapt to change, recover from failures, be operated effectively, and provide actionable insight into their behavior.

K3s is a lightweight Kubernetes distribution designed for resource-constrained deployments, including edge and Internet of Things (IoT) environments.

Kubernetes uses etcd as the consistent, distributed key-value store for all cluster state and configuration data managed through the Kubernetes API.

Serverless computing is a cloud-computing model that delivers backend services on demand or according to usage while the provider manages the underlying server infrastructure.

Init containers run and complete before a Pod’s application containers start. A shared volume lets an init container prepare or generate files that the application container can use at startup.

etcd is the consistent, highly available key-value store that Kubernetes uses as the backing store for cluster data and API server data.