What is the core functionality of GitOps tools like Argo CD and Flux?
AThey track production changes made by a human in a Git repository and generate a human-readable audit trail.
BThey replace human operations with an agent that tracks Git commands.
CThey automatically create pull requests when dependencies are outdated.
DThey continuously compare the desired state in Git with the actual production state and notify or act upon differences.
What native runtime is Open Container Initiative (OCI) compliant?
ArunC
BrunV
Ckata-containers
Dgvisor
Which API object is the recommended way to run a scalable, stateless application on your cluster?
AReplicaSet
BDeployment
CDaemonSet
DPod
What is the purpose of the kubelet component within a Kubernetes cluster?
AA dashboard for Kubernetes Clusters that allows management and troubleshooting of applications.
BA network proxy that runs on each node in your cluster, implementing part of the Kubernetes Service concept.
CA component that watches for newly created Pods with no assigned node, and selects a node for them to run on.
DAn agent that runs on each node in the cluster. It makes sure that containers are running in a Pod.
CI/CD stands for:
AContinuous Information / Continuous Development
BContinuous Integration / Continuous Development
CCloud Integration / Cloud Development
DContinuous Integration / Continuous Deployment
In which framework do the developers no longer have to deal with capacity, deployments, scaling and fault tolerance, and OS?
ADocker Swam
BKubernetes
CMesos
DServerless
Which of the following characteristics is associated with container orchestration?
AApplication message distribution
BDynamic scheduling
CDeploying application JAR files
DVirtual Machine distribution
Which Kubernetes resource uses immutable: true boolean field?
ADeployment
BPod
CConfigMap
DReplicaSet
What are the most important resources to guarantee the performance of an etcd cluster?
ACPU and disk capacity.
BNetwork throughput and disk I/O.
CCPU and RAM memory.
DNetwork throughput and CPU.
Which kubernetes component is the smallest deployable unit of computing?
AStatefulSet
BDeployment
CPod
DContainer
Which of the following options includes valid API versions?
Aalpha1v1, beta3v3, v2
Balpha1, beta3, v2
Cv1alpha1, v2beta3, v2
Dv1alpha1, v2beta3, 2.0
What components are common in a service mesh?
Atracing and log storage
Bcircuit breaking and Pod scheduling
Cdata plane and runtime plane
Dservice proxy and control plane
Which statement about Ingress is correct?
AIngress provides a simple way to track network endpoints within a cluster.
BIngress is a Service type like NodePort and ClusterIP.
CIngress is a construct that allows you to specify how a Pod is allowed to communicate.
DIngress exposes routes from outside the cluster to services in the cluster.
Which are the two primary modes for Service discovery within a Kubernetes cluster?
AEnvironment variables and DNS
BAPI Calls and LDAP
CLabels and Radius
DSelectors and DHCP
Which Kubernetes feature would you use to guard against split brain scenarios with your distributed application?
AReplication controllers
BConsensus protocols
CRolling updates
DStatefulSet
Which of the following will view the snapshot of previously terminated ruby container logs from Pod web-1?
Akubectl logs -p -c ruby web-1
Bkubectl logs -c ruby web-1
Ckubectl logs -p ruby web-1
Dkubectl logs -p -c web-1 ruby
Can a Kubernetes Service expose multiple ports?
ANo, you can only expose one port per each Service.
BYes, but you must specify an unambiguous name for each port.
CYes, the only requirement is to use different port numbers.
DNo, because the only port you can expose is port number 443.
Scenario: You have a Kubernetes cluster hosted in a public cloud provider. When trying to create a Service of type LoadBalancer, the external-ip is stuck in the "Pending" state. Which Kubernetes component is failing in this scenario?
ACloud Controller Manager
BLoad Balancer Manager
CCloud Architecture Manager
DCloud Load Balancer Manager
What are the characteristics for building every cloud-native application?