Which router attaches the VPN label to incoming packets from CE routing?
PE routers perform label imposition on ingress traffic received from CE devices. When a packet arrives from the CE interface destined for a remote VPN, the PE router attaches a VPN label (inner label) that identifies the VPN context, and an outer transport label for MPLS forwarding. This dual-label stack enables P routers to forward based on transport labels while PE routers use VPN labels for VPN-specific forwarding.
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