Data Science Fundamentals

According to the COBIT governance framework (widely used in IT governance and referenced in CISSP and related certifications), governance is defined as the process of evaluating stakeholder needs and setting direction through prioritization and decision-making, with performance monitored against agreed direction and objectives. Governance ensures that enterprise objectives are achieved by balancing benefits realization, risk optimization, and resource optimization — these three elements are explicitly cited as the foundational pillars of governance in COBIT and related IT governance literature.