QuestionQ1

Security Principles

Operating-system fingerprinting uses all of the following, EXCEPT ______, to identify a target operating system.

  • A Sequence Verifier
  • B Initial sequence number
  • C Address spoofing
  • D Time to Live
  • E IP ID field
Explanation

TCP/IP stack fingerprinting uses response characteristics such as TCP initial sequence-number sampling, IP ID sequence behavior, and initial TTL values to match a host against operating-system fingerprints. Address spoofing falsifies a packet’s apparent source address and is not a target operating-system fingerprinting attribute.

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